Cuadernos de Historia de España

Agents, collectives and organisations providing aid to the Spanish Republic and exiles in America (1936-1977)

María Alicia Alted Vigil — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Children of War: The Spain-Mexico Industrial School in Morelia (1936-1950)

Francisco Alía Miranda — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) prompted humanitarian organizations worldwide to prioritize the protection of children, who were experiencing the hardships of war. To remove them from the front lines and continue their education, the Republican government established children's colonies within and outside the country. One of the most significant colonies was established in Morelia (Mexico), which housed approximately 500 Spanish children. They lived and received their education there, mainly through practical workshops that ensured the learning of a trade. Starting in 1939, some wished to return to Spain, while others lost interest. The return journey became a challenging odyssey and a source of political tension due to its propagandistic effect on both the Franco regime and the exile organizations in Mexico. The difficulties persisted until the end of 1950, when the repatriation of children claimed by their families was completed. This topic has generated a significant amount of literature. However, it is now being approached with a new perspective and novel sources, particularly documentation from Spanish archives.

The aid movement for republican Spain in Argentina and the configuration of a southern network of aid organizations (1936-1939)

Aurelio Velázquez Hernández — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Spanish Civil War caused a great upheaval in Latin American societies, which led to the emergence of an organised aid movement for Republican Spain. This article analyses the origin and configuration of this movement in Argentina, probably the country in which it was strongest, and focuses on the analysis of the largest of the centralising platforms of Argentinean Spanish aid organisations a Federation of Spanish Relief Organizations or Federation of Aid Agencies to the Spanish Republic (FOARE).

“We had to remain neutral”: the Roosevelts and the Issue of Aid to The Spanish Republic during the Civil War (1936-1939)

María Luz Arroyo Vázquez — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper analyses what kind of support was offered by Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt to aid civilians and the Republican Government during the Spanish Civil War (1936 -1939), considering the decision that the US Government had taken to follow a policy of neutrality during the conflict.

Although the only type of collaboration that was allowed by the neutrality legislation was humanitarian relief, the Roosevelts were not always neutral and, although late, on their own account they tried to help the Republican government with other supplies which were needed.

We focus our attention on the Roosevelts’ different views and the rapprochement of positions that converged with their empathy towards the legitimate Republican government. All in all, this paper addresses some of their statements, initiatives, and actions, as well as their official inaction at certain crucial events to shed some light on the impact of their decisions not only on a critical moment of Spanish history, but also on the United States and on the international context.

The most noble operation: the round trip of Republican exiles to Chile

Carolina Espinoza Cartes — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This work is the result of research with primary sources, consisting of oral interviews conducted by the researcher with descendants of refugees from the Spanish Civil War and with young people and children who traveled on the ship Winnipeg, from France to Chile in August 1939 after spending long periods in French concentration camps. The story of this exile to Chile is reconstructed in the voice of some children of these refugees who fought forty years later and in different ways against the Pinochet dictatorship in Chile and “returned” to Spain.

From the sand. Celso Amieva among Asturian writers and verses as infra exiled agents

José María Naharro-Calderón — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Imprisoned for a long time in the French concentration camps between 1939 and 1942, José María Álvarez Posada, Celso Amieva, a poet from Eastern Asturias, also committed to the Resistance in France and a staunch Communist, wove networks of poetic solidarity through Asturian country fellow David Arias Rodríguez del Valle. We have inserted in a four poems appendix three unpublished texts. Meanwhile, he was ignored by the official refugee channels of the Second Republic such as the SERE. It eventually prolonged an alienating arenitis-arenosis [sand syndrome] that may have favoured a split personality anchored irremediably in exile. This syndrome may have contributed to Amieva’s lack of understanding toward the political Transition within Inner Spain.

The evolution of the control mechanisms of the Murcian textile market (1370-1500)

Mauro Fazzini — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The growth of exchanges during the late Middle Ages was accompanied by the multiplication of political mechanisms to control circulation, which in the period we are studying were mostly implemented at the local level. These included price and wage rates, controls on weights and measures, and the regulation of the quality of traded products, among others. However, the complexity characteristic of textile production imposes the need for specific control mechanisms, in order to make the cloth market transparent and thus avoid the proliferation of frauds and deceptions. In this paper we will study the evolution of such mechanisms in the Murcian market, which the city council tended to delegate to the pelaire corporation.

Economist lawyers. Networks and circulation of knowledge and practices of Political Economy between 17th century Spain and the first decades of River Plate independence (1600-1830)

Ariel Alberto Eiris — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Within the framework of the bourbon reformism of the 18th century, Spain received new economic theories and criteria such as physiocracy and the promotion of free trade in certain areas and activities. Such principles were associated with the concept of Political Economy, developed by the University of Salamanca. His theories, based in the peninsular university spaces, circulated through the scholars who were trained there and through the Economic Societies that prospered. Through them, we observe the reception of short speeches by River Plate writers, of Creole origin, but trained in Peninsular Spain and who acted as viceregal officials. Such figures, such as Manuel Belgrano, spread in America the peninsular postulators adapted to the local particularity. These theories would remain present among Creole scholars, to the point of being part of the teachings taught at the newly founded University of Buenos Aires in the independent Río de la Plata

Militancy and collaboration with the Francoism in the Galician community of Buenos Aires (1936-1950)

Nadia Andrea De Cristóforis — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this article, we will discuss the different modalities of support and collaboration with the national side and the Francoism of the 1940´s, within the Galician community of the city of Buenos Aires. We will distinguish the practices that arose from institutions that pre-existed the uprising (the Centro Gallego de Buenos Aires or the newspaper Correo de Galicia) and others that were created during the conflict (the Acción Gallega de Cruzados de Santiago). To do this, we will rely on a heterogeneous set of sources, among which the ethnic press and the documentary funds belonging to the Galician association movement stand out.

La Monarquía al desnudo. Del rey que nació en un retrete al soberano Playboy, de Sara Nava

Sebastián Perrupato — Sat, 30 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nilda Guglielmi

Pablo Ubierna — Fri, 27 Sep 2024 17:34:59 +0000