Altergeopolítica
Otras seguridades se están construyendo
Palabras clave:
Geopolítica. Geopolítica crítica. Antigeopolítica. Geopolítica feminista. Geopolítica progresista. Geopolítica alternativa. Alter-geopolítica. Paz. No violencia. Acompañamiento. Solidaridad. Colombia.
Resumen
En una época de creciente (in)seguridad estatal, existen grupos que se están uniendo por su cuenta para construir seguridades alternativas noviolentas. Establecen conexiones a través de la distancia y la diferencia que se centran en la seguridad de los cuerpos (a menudo con moverlos), y aterrizan la geopolítica en la vida cotidiana. El término antigeopolítica se refiere a la resistencia a la geopolítica hegemónica (material o discursiva), más que en este tipo de esfuerzo por construir algo nuevo. La geopolítica feminista es una forma de antigeopolítica que no solo desmonta, sino que también junta las piezas de nuevas maneras, con definiciones más amplias de seguridad para más cuerpos en más lugares. Sin embargo, por lo general no se ha examinado esta práctica fuera del ámbito académico. Propongo el término altergeopolítica para un tipo de geopolítica feminista, para así ampliar los conceptos de antigeopolítica y geopolítica feminista. Defiendo el término como un recordatorio de fijarnos en las prácticas de base, en las formas en que los grupos hacen geopolítica en las calles, en los hogares, en las selvas y en muchos otros espacios “fuera de la página”. Aunque no consideren su trabajo como geopolítica, enmarcarlo de este modo puede abrir conversaciones fructíferas. Como académicos, tenemos mucho que aprender y ofrecer a través del pensamiento colaborativo con estos grupos sobre temas de seguridad. He estado haciendo esto con acompañantes internacionales en Colombia y acá presento su trabajo, y el de la comunidad de paz de San José a la que acompañan, como formas de altergeopolítica.Descargas
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Cohen, S. y Frank, D. (2009). Innovative Approaches to Territorial Disputes: Using Principles of Riparian Conflict Management. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(5), 948.
Coleman, M. (2009). What Counts as the Politics and Practice of Security, and Where? Devolution and Immigrant Insecurity after 9/11. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(5), 904.
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Hyndman, J. (2010). The question of ‘the political’ in critical geopolitics: Querying the ‘child soldier’ in the ‘war on terror’. Political Geography, 29(5), 247-255.
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Ó Tuathail, G. (1996). Critical geopolitics : the politics of writing global space, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
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Dalby, S. (1993). The `Kiwi disease’: geopolitical discourse in Aotearoa/New Zealand and the South Pacific. Political Geography, 12(5), 437-456.
Dalby, S. (2008). Imperialism, Domination, Culture: The Continued Relevance of Critical Geopolitics. Geopolitics, 13(3), 413.
Dalby, S. (2010). Recontextualising violence, power and nature: The next twenty years of critical geopolitics? Political Geography, 29(5), 280-288.
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Gallaher, C. (2003). On the Fault Line: Race, Class, and the American Patriot Movement. Lanham, Md: Rowman y Littlefield Publishers.
Gibson-Graham, J. (2008). Diverse economies: performative practices for `other worlds’. Progress in Human Geography, 32(5), 613-632.
Haraway, D. (1988). Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist studies, 14(3), 575-599.
Haraway, D. (1992). The promises of monsters. En L. Grossberg, C. Nelson y P. Treichler (eds.), Cultural studies (pp. 295-337). Londres: Routledge.
Hardiman, D. (2003). Gandhi in his time and ours: the global legacy of his ideas. Columbia University Press.
Henderson, V. L. (2009). Citizenship in the Line of Fire: Protective Accompaniment, Proxy Citizenship, and Pathways for Transnational Solidarity in Guatemala. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(5), 969.
Hylton, F. (2006). Evil Hour in Colombia. Londres; New York: Verso.
Hyndman, J. (2001). Towards a feminist geopolitics. The Canadian Geographer, 45(2), 210-222.
Hyndman, J. (2003). Beyond either/or: a feminist analysis of September 11th. ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 2(1), 1-13.
Hyndman, J. (2004). Mind the gap: bridging feminist and political geography through geopolitics. Political Geography, 23(3), 307-322.
Hyndman, J. (2005). Feminist geopolitics and September 11. En A companion to feminist geography (pp. 565-577). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Hyndman, J. (2007). Feminist Geopolitics Revisited: Body Counts in Iraq. The Professional Geographer, 59(1), 35-46.
Hyndman, J. (2010). The question of ‘the political’ in critical geopolitics: Querying the ‘child soldier’ in the ‘war on terror’. Political Geography, 29(5), 247-255.
Jones, L. y Sage, D. (2009). New directions in critical geopolitics: an introduction. GeoJournal, 75(4), 315-325.
Katz, C. (2009). Me and My Monkey: What’s hiding in the security state. En R. Pain y S. J. Smith (eds.), Fear, Critical Geopolitics, and Everyday Life (pp. 59-74). Aldershot; Burlington: Ashgate.
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Kearns, G. (2008). Progressive Geopolitics. Geography Compass, 2(5), 1599-1620.
Kleinfeld, M., (2009). The Political Utility of the Nonpolitical Child in Sri Lanka’s Armed Conflict. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(5), 874.
Kofman, E. (2005). Feminist political geographies. En L. Nelson y J. Seager (eds.), A Companion to Feminist Geography (pp. 519-533). Malden: Blackwell.
Konrad, G. (2006). Anti-politics: A moral force. En O Tuathail, G, S. Dalby, y P. Routledge (eds.), The Geopolitics Reader. Oxford: Routledge.
Koopman, S. (2008). Imperialism Within: Can the Master’s Tools Bring Down Empire. ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies, 7, 283-307.
Koopman, S. (2014). Making Space for Peace: International protective accompaniment in Colombia. en F. McConnell, P. WIlliams, & N. Megoran (eds.), The Geographies of Peace: New Approaches to Boundaries, Diplomacy and Conflict (pp. 109-130). I.B. Tauris.
Koopman, S., Dalby, S., Megoran, N., Sharp, J., Kearns, G., Squire, R., Jeffrey, A., Squire, V., y Toal, G. (2021). Critical Geopolitics/critical geopolitics 25 years on. Political Geography, 90(3), 102421.
León, J. (2010). No somos machos, pero somos muchos: cinco crónicas de resistencia civil en Colombia. Bogotá: Norma.
Loyd, J. M. (2009). “A Microscopic Insurgent”: Militarization, Health, and Critical Geographies of Violence. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 99(5), 863.
Mahony, L. y Eguren, L. E. (1997). Unarmed Bodyguards: International Accompaniment for the Protection of Human Rights. West Hartford: Kumarian Press.
McConnell, F. y Williams, P. (2011). Critical geographies of peace. Antipode 43(4), 927-931.
Megoran, N. (2006). For ethnography in political geography: experiencing and re-imagining Ferghana Valley boundary closures. Political Geography, 25(6), 622-640.
Megoran, N. (2008). Militarism, Realism, Just War, or Nonviolence? Critical Geopolitics and the Problem of Normativity. Geopolitics, 13(3), 473-497.
Megoran, N. (2010). Towards a geography of peace: pacific geopolitics and evangelical Christian Crusade apologies. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 35(3), 382-398.
Mignolo, W. (2001). Capitalismo y geopolítica del conocimiento: el eurocentrismo y la filosofía de la liberación en el debate intelectual contemporáneo. Buenos Aires: Ediciones del Signo.
Mountz, A. (2002). Feminist Politics, Immigration, and Academic Identities. Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography, 9(2), 187.
Mountz, A. et al. (2003). Methodologically Becoming: power, knowledge and team research. Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography, 10(1), 29.
Mountz, A. y Hyndman, J. (2006). Feminist approaches to the global intimate. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 446-463.
Müller, M. (2008). Reconsidering the concept of discourse for the field of critical geopolitics: Towards discourse as language and practice. Political Geography, 27(3), 322–338.
Ó Tuathail, G. (1996). Critical geopolitics : the politics of writing global space, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Ó Tuathail, G. (2010). Localizing geopolitics: Disaggregating violence and return in conflict regions. Political Geography, 29(5), 256-265.
Ó Tuathail, G.; Dalby, S. y Routledge, P. (eds.) (2006). The Geopolitics Reader, 2.a ed.. Nueva York y Londres: Routledge.
Oslender, U. (2007). Spaces of Terror and Fear on Colombia’s Pacific Coast. En D. Gregory y A. Pred (eds.), Violent geographies: fear, terror, and political violence (p. 111). Nueva York: Routledge.
Pain, R. (2009a). Whose Fear is it anyway? resisting Terror Fear and Fear for Children. En R. Pain y S. J. Smith (eds.), Fear, Critical Geopolitics, and Everyday Life (pp. 211-222). Aldershot; Burlington: Ashgate.
Pain, R. (2009b). Working with fear/hope: a method for an emotional geopolitics. En Association of American Geographer’s conference. Las Vegas, NV.
Pain, R. (2009c). Globalized fear? Towards an emotional geopolitics. Progress in Human Geography, 33(4), 466-486.
Pain, R. (2010). The New Geopolitics of Fear. Geography Compass, 4(3), 226-240.
Pain, R. y Smith, S. (eds.) (2008). Fear : critical geopolitics and everyday life, Burlington: Ashgate.
Parker, G. (2000). Ratzel, the French School and the birth of Alternative Geopolitics. Political Geography, 19(8), 957-969.
Pepper, D. y Jenkins, A. (1985). The Geography of peace and war, Malden: Blackwell.
Power, M. (2003). Rethinking development geographies, Nueva York; Londres: Routledge.
Pratt, G. (2008). International Accompaniment and Witnessing State Violence in the Philippines. Antipode, 40(5), 751-779.
Rosner, V. y Pratt, G. (2006). The Global and the Intimate: WSQ: Spring/Summer 2006, The Feminist Press at CUNY.
Routledge, P. (1996). Critical geopolitics and terrains of resistance. Political Geography, 15(6-7), 509-531.
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Publicado
2023-11-29
Cómo citar
Koopman, S. (2023). Altergeopolítica. Punto Sur, (9), 66-93. https://doi.org/10.34096/ps.n9.13710
Sección
Dossier
