“In order that the winka knows that this territory we call it another way” Production of memories and experiences of territory among the Mapuche of Norpatagonia

Abstract

This paper approaches the relation between memory and territory through the analysis of meanings attached to space practices of Mapuche groups in northern Patagonia in contexts of subordination. The meanings examined emerged during a workshop conducted within the framework of the implementation of National Law 26.160, involving indigenous territorial survey in Argentina. The need to define territory and traditional occupation in order to apply a public policy highlighted the importance of Mapuche interpretation frameworks regarding gaps and continuities between present and past. Within these frameworks, territory is explained by restoring notions about "speaking well" (a way of communication anchored in reciprocity between people and with the environment) and "movement" ("in open fields"). These notions are also defined in opposition to the practices of power based on "lies" and "imposition" that produced epistemic silence and territorial spoliation respectively.