Production, circulation and use of climate information
Contribuições da antropologia para a prestação de serviços climáticos
Resumo
Atualmente, a conscientização social sobre questões climáticas resultou em uma maior demanda ao setor científico e operacional por "serviços climáticos", isto é, informações meteorológicas e climáticas oportunas em quantidade e qualidade suficientes para auxiliar no processo de tomada de decisão de vários setores sensíveis ao clima. A abordagem dessa complexidade transcende a questão disciplinar, tornando essencial o exame das “dimensões humanas” da produção, circulação e uso da informação climática. Com base na experiência de um projeto interdisciplinar e intersetorial sobre serviços climáticos e no levantamento de literatura antropológica e especializada sobre o assunto, propomos identificar as contribuições que a antropologia pode dar para a compreensão desses processos. Ao mesmo tempo, identificamos como o monitoramento e a reflexão conjunta e sistemática sobre as práticas de produção de conhecimento são fundamentais para fortalecer uma ciência mais ampla e participativa.Downloads
Referências
Baer, H. A, y Reuter, T. (2015). Brief for GSDR 2015 Anthropological perspectives on climate change and sustainability: Implications for policy and action. Recuperado de https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5834GSDR_brief_anthropology_SD_baer_reuter_rev.pdf.
Baethgen, W. E., Carriquiry, M., y Ropelewsk, C. (2009). Tilting the odds in maize yields: How climate information can help manage risks. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 90(2), 179–183. https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2429.1
Balbi, F. A., y Boivin, M. (2008). La perspectiva etnográfica en los estudios sobre política, Estado y gobierno. Cuadernos de Antropología Social, 7–17. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2009.738n1054
Barnes, J., Dove, M., Lahsen, M., Mathews, A., McElwee, P., McIntosh, R. y Yager, K. (2013). Contribution of anthropology to the study of climate change. Nature Climate Change, 3(6), 541–544. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1775
Barros, V. (2004). El Cambio Climático Global. Buenos Aires: Libros del Zorzal
Camilloni, I., y Vera, C. (2007). El aire y el agua en nuestro planeta (Colección). Buenos Aires: Eudeba.
Autor. (2016). Servicios climáticos y producción de conocimiento científico útil. Estudio de caso en una comunidad climática de Argentina. Cuadernos de Antropología Social, 43, 33–49.
Autor (2018). Repensando el lugar de la antropología en un espacio interdisciplinario de servicios climáticos en Argentina. En C. Hidalgo, V. Bianca, y S. Claudia (Eds.), Encrucijadas Interdisciplinarias (p. 240). Buenos Aires. Recuperado de http://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20181023041424/Encrucijadas.pdf
Autores (2018). From Climate Knowledge to Decision Making. Climate Change Volume. London: Royal Anthropological Institute (En revisión)
Cash, D., Clark, W., Alcock, F., Eckley, N., y Jäger, J. (2002). Salience , credibility, legitimacy and boundaries: linking research assessment and decision making. KSG Working Papers Series. Recuperado de https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=372280
Cash, D. W., Clark, W. C., Alcock, F., Dickson, N. M., Eckley, N., Guston, D. H. y Mitchell, R. B. (2003). Knowledge systems for sustainable development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100(14), 8086–8091. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1231332100
Center For Research on Environmental Decisions. (2009). The Psychology of Climate Change Communication The Psychology of Climate Change Communication: A Guide for Scientists, Journalists, Educators, Political Aides, and the interested Public (Vol. 129). New York. Recuperado de http://cred.columbia.edu/guide/pdfs/CREDguide_full-res.pdf
Cruz, G. (2015). Importancia del vínculo ciencia-política: el caso de la transferencia de conocimiento climático para la toma de decisiones. En L. Astigarraga, R. Terra, G. Cruz, V. Picasso (Coord.) Centro Interdisciplinario de Respuesta al Cambio y a la Variabilidad Climatica: vínculos ciencia-política y ciencia-sociedad (pp. 25–35). Montevideo: Unidad Académica del Espacio Interdisciplinario
Dilling, L., y Lemos, M. C. (2011). Creating usable science: Opportunities and constraints for climate knowledge use and their implications for science policy. Global Environmental Change, 21(2), 680–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.11.006
Fischer, M. M. J. (2007). Four genealogies for a recombinant anthropology of science and technology. Cultural Anthropology, 22(4), 539–615. https://doi.org/10.1525/can.2007.22.4.539.
Fiske, S. J., Crate, S. a., Crumley, C. L., Galvin, K., Lazrus, H., Luber, G., y Wilk, R. R. (2014). Changing the Atmosphere Anthropology and Climate Change. Final Report of the AAA Global Climate Change Taskforce.
Franklin, S. (1995). La ciencia como cultura. Las Culturas de la ciencia. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24.
Funtowicz, S., y Hidalgo, C. (2008). “Ciencia y política con la gente en tiempos de incertidumbre, conflicto de intereses e indeterminación.” En J. A. López Cerezo y F. J. Gómez González (Eds.), Apropiación social de la ciencia. Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva
Funtowicz, S., y Ravetz, J. (1993). Epistemología Política. Ciencia con la Gente. Buenos Aires. CEAL
Hewitt, C., Mason, S., y Walland, D. (2012). The Global Framework for Climate Services. Nature Climate Change, 2(12), 831–832. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1745
Hidalgo, C. (1997). Antropología del mundo contemporáneo. El surgimiento de la antropología de la ciencia. Revista Relaciones de La Sociedad de Antropología XXII-XXIII.
Hidalgo, C. (2018). El giro colaborativo en las ciencias del clima: obstáculos para la provisión de servicios en Sudamérica climáticos y cómo superarlos. En C. Hidalgo, B. Vienni y C. Simon (Eds.), Encrucijadas Interdisciplinarias (pp.17-30). Buenos Aires: Ciccus - Clacso
Kalnay, E. (2010). Pronósticos a corto y largo plazo, y de cambio de clima: ¿Qué es posible según la ciencia?. Recuperado de https://www.atmos.umd.edu/~ekalnay/pubs/Bogota-Predecibilidad-Kalnay.pdf
Kirchhoff, C. J., Lemos, M. C., y Dessai, S. (2013). Actionable Knowledge for Environmental Decision Making: Broadening the Usability of Climate Science. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 38(1), 393–414. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-022112-112828
Latour, B. (1983). “Give me a laboratory and I will raise the world.” En K. Knorr-Cetina y M. Mulkay (Eds.). Science Observed: Perspectives on the Social Study of Science (pp. 141–170). London: Sage
Latour, B., y Woolgar, S. (1988). La vie de laboratoire. La production des faits cientifiques. Paris: La Decourverte.
Lemos, M. C., y Morehouse, B. J. (2005). The co-production of science and policy in integrated climate assessments. Global Environmental Change, 15(1), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.09.004
Meinke, H., Nelson, R., Kokic, P., Stone, R., Selvaraju, R., y Baethgen, W. (2006). Actionable climate knowledge: From analysis to synthesis. Climate Research, 33(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr033101
National Research Council (2005). Knowledge-Action Systems for Seasonal to Interannual Climate Forecasting: Summary of a Workshop. Report to the Roundtable on Science and Technology for Sustainability. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/11204.
Peterson, N. D., Broad, K., Orlove, B., Roncoli, C., Taddei, R., y Velez, M.-A. (2010). Participatory processes and climate forecast use: Socio-cultural context, discussion, and consensus. Climate and Development, 2(1), 14–29. https://doi.org/10.3763/cdev.2010.0033
Pidgeon, N. F., y Fischhoff, B. (2011). The role of social and decision sciences in communicating uncertain climate risks. Nature Publishing Group, 1(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1080
Podestá, G., Hidalgo, C., y Berbery, H. (2013). Towards usable climate science: research supporting provision of regional climate services. CLIVAR Exchanges No. 63 (Vol. 18 No.3), pp 28-33. Recuperado de http://www.clivar.org/sites/default/files/Exchanges/Exchanges63.pdf.
Rayner, S., Lach, D., y Ingram, H. (2005). Weather forecasts are for wimps: Why water resource managers do not use climate forecasts. Climatic Change, 69(2–3), 197–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-3148-z
Roncoli, C. (2006). Ethnographic and participatory approaches to research on farmers; responses to climate predictions. Climate Research, 33, 81–99. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr033081
Roncoli, C., Crane, T., y Orlove, B. S. (2009). Fielding Climate Change in Cultural Anthropology. En S. Crate y M. Nuttal (Eds.), Anthropology and Climate Change: From Encounters to Actions, (pp.87–115). Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
Srinivasan, G., Rafisura, K. M., y Subbiah, A. R. (2011). Climate information requirements for community-level risk management and adaptation. Climate Research, 47(1–2), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00962
Stagnaro, A. (2003). Ciencia y debate antropológico : distintas perspectivas, Cuadernos de antropología social, (18), 87-105. Recuperado de http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1850-275X2003000200007&lng=es&tlng=es.
Taddei, R. (2008). A comunicacao social de informacoes sobre tempo e clima: o ponto de vista do usuario. Boletim SBMET, Ago-dez, 76–86.
Tarhule, A., y Lamb, P. J. (2003). Climate research and seasonal forecasting for West Africans. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84(12), 1741–1759. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-84-12-1741
Traweek, S. (1992). Beadtimes and Lifetimes. The World of High Energy Physicist. London: Harvard University Press.
Van Ypersele, J.-P., Born, R., Lebre La Rovere, E., Santos Pereira, A., Jiahua, P., Bidwai, P. y Leff, E. (2008). El clima visto desde el Sur El calentamiento global según los países emergentes. Buenos Aires: Le Monde Diplomatique.
Weaver, C. ., Mooney, S., Allen, D., Beller Simms, N., Fish, T., Grambusch, E. Jacobs, M. (2014). From global change science to action with social sciences. Nature Climate Change, 4 (opinion and comments), 656–659.
WMO. (2009). A global Framework for Climate Services? Recuperado de http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/WMO_WClimateNews_no35_2009.pdf
WMO. (2012). Guidelines on Frameworks for Climate Services at the National Level. Recuperado de http://www.wmo.int/pages/gfcs/documents/GuidetoClimateServicesattheNationalLevel.pdf
Runa, archivos para las ciencias é uma publicação do Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires e é distribuída sob o título Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Runa mantém o seu compromisso com as políticas de Acesso Aberto à informação científica, considerando que tanto as publicações científicas como a investigação financiada com fundos públicos devem circular livremente na Internet, gratuitamente e sem restrições.
Os conteúdos e opiniões expressos nos artigos publicados são da exclusiva responsabilidade dos seus autores.