The Emancipation of Philosophy in the 13th Century as Precedent of the Autonomy of Politics
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show that the political emancipation of the State, the beginnings of which is registered in Marsilius of Padua's Defensor pacis (early 14th century), was preceded by the emancipation of philosophy pursued by the intellectual movement known as Latin Averroism (late 13th century), mainly in the writings of Siger of Brabant and Boethius of Dacia. These two authors are called "averroists" not because of their direct support of Averroes's doctrines, but because of their sharing of a common opinion with Averroes about the role of philosophy regarding theology. In order to make full sense of Islamic theology, or kalam, Averroes seems to think that the sacred text should be object of epistemic subordination to philosophy, even when this may be contrary to some specific bannings of the Islamic tradition. It is this hermeneutical supposition which is followed by the latin averroists. This is the first step in the consolidation of an autonomous theoretical field for philosophy, and its most outstanding consequence is the emancipation of practical philosophy in a main feature, i.e. politics.Downloads
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